Nauka html'u i php'
LV. Hyperwave Functions
Wstęp
Hyperwave has been developed at IICM in Graz. It started with the name Hyper-G and changed to Hyperwave when it was commercialised (in 1996).
Hyperwave is not free software. The current version, 5.5 is available at http://www.hyperwave.com/. A time limited version can be ordered for free (30 days).
See also the Hyperwave API module.
Hyperwave is an information system similar to a database (HIS, Hyperwave Information Server). Its focus is the storage and management of documents. A document can be any possible piece of data that may as well be stored in file. Each document is accompanied by its object record. The object record contains meta data for the document. The meta data is a list of attributes which can be extended by the user. Certain attributes are always set by the Hyperwave server, other may be modified by the user. An attribute is a name/value pair of the form name=value. The complete object record contains as many of those pairs as the user likes. The name of an attribute does not have to be unique, e.g. a title may appear several times within an object record. This makes sense if you want to specify a title in several languages. In such a case there is a convention, that each title value is preceded by the two letter language abbreviation followed by a colon, e.g. 'en:Title in English' or 'ge:Titel in deutsch'. Other attributes like a description or keywords are potential candidates. You may also replace the language abbreviation by any other string as long as it separated by colon from the rest of the attribute value.
Each object record has native a string representation with each name/value pair separated by a newline. The Hyperwave extension also knows a second representation which is an associated array with the attribute name being the key. Multilingual attribute values itself form another associated array with the key being the language abbreviation. Actually any multiple attribute forms an associated array with the string left to the colon in the attribute value being the key. (This is not fully implemented. Only the attributes Title, Description and Keyword are treated properly yet.)
Besides the documents, all hyper links contained in a document are stored as object records as well. Hyper links which are in a document will be removed from it and stored as individual objects, when the document is inserted into the database. The object record of the link contains information about where it starts and where it ends. In order to gain the original document you will have to retrieve the plain document without the links and the list of links and reinsert them. The functions hw_pipedocument() and hw_gettext() do this for you. The advantage of separating links from the document is obvious. Once a document to which a link is pointing to changes its name, the link can easily be modified accordingly. The document containing the link is not affected at all. You may even add a link to a document without modifying the document itself.
Saying that hw_pipedocument() and hw_gettext() do the link insertion automatically is not as simple as it sounds. Inserting links implies a certain hierarchy of the documents. On a web server this is given by the file system, but Hyperwave has its own hierarchy and names do not reflect the position of an object in that hierarchy. Therefore creation of links first of all requires a mapping from the Hyperwave hierarchy and namespace into a web hierarchy respective web namespace. The fundamental difference between Hyperwave and the web is the clear distinction between names and hierarchy in Hyperwave. The name does not contain any information about the objects position in the hierarchy. In the web the name also contains the information on where the object is located in the hierarchy. This leads to two possibles ways of mapping. Either the Hyperwave hierarchy and name of the Hyperwave object is reflected in the URL or the name only. To make things simple the second approach is used. Hyperwave object with name my_object is mapped to http://host/my_object disregarding where it resides in the Hyperwave hierarchy. An object with name parent/my_object could be the child of my_object in the Hyperwave hierarchy, though in a web namespace it appears to be just the opposite and the user might get confused. This can only be prevented by selecting reasonable object names.
Having made this decision a second problem arises. How do you
involve PHP? The URL http://host/my_object will
not call any PHP script unless you tell your web server to rewrite it to
e.g. http://host/php_script/my_object and the script
php_script evaluates the $PATH_INFO
variable and retrieves the object with name my_object
from the Hyperwave server. Their is just one little
drawback which can be fixed easily. Rewriting any URL would not allow
any access to other document on the web server. A PHP script for
searching in the Hyperwave server would be impossible. Therefore
you will need at least a second rewriting rule to exclude certain
URLs like all e.g. starting with http://host/Hyperwave
This is basically sharing of a namespace by the web and Hyperwave server.
Based on the above mechanism links are insert into documents.
It gets more complicated if PHP is not run as a server module or CGI script but as a standalone application e.g. to dump the content of the Hyperwave server on a CD-ROM. In such a case it makes sense to retain the Hyperwave hierarchy and map in onto the file system. This conflicts with the object names if they reflect its own hierarchy (e.g. by choosing names including '/'). Therefore '/' has to be replaced by another character, e.g. '_'.
The network protocol to communicate with the Hyperwave server is called HG-CSP (Hyper-G Client/Server Protocol). It is based on messages to initiate certain actions, e.g. get object record. In early versions of the Hyperwave Server two native clients (Harmony, Amadeus) were provided for communication with the server. Those two disappeared when Hyperwave was commercialised. As a replacement a so called wavemaster was provided. The wavemaster is like a protocol converter from HTTP to HG-CSP. The idea is to do all the administration of the database and visualisation of documents by a web interface. The wavemaster implements a set of placeholders for certain actions to customise the interface. This set of placeholders is called the PLACE Language. PLACE lacks a lot of features of a real programming language and any extension to it only enlarges the list of placeholders. This has led to the use of JavaScript which IMO does not make life easier.
Adding Hyperwave support to PHP should fill in the gap of a missing programming language for interface customisation. It implements all the messages as defined by the HG-CSP but also provides more powerful commands to e.g. retrieve complete documents.
Hyperwave has its own terminology to name certain pieces of information. This has widely been taken over and extended. Almost all functions operate on one of the following data types.
object ID: A unique integer value for each object in the Hyperwave server. It is also one of the attributes of the object record (ObjectID). Object ids are often used as an input parameter to specify an object.
object record: A string with attribute-value pairs of the form attribute=value. The pairs are separated by a carriage return from each other. An object record can easily be converted into an object array with hw_object2array(). Several functions return object records. The names of those functions end with obj.
object array: An associative array with all attributes of an object. The keys are the attribute names. If an attribute occurs more than once in an object record it will result in another indexed or associative array. Attributes which are language depended (like the title, keyword, description) will form an associative array with the keys set to the language abbreviations. All other multiple attributes will form an indexed array. PHP functions never return object arrays.
hw_document: This is a complete new data type which holds the actual document, e.g. HTML, PDF etc. It is somewhat optimized for HTML documents but may be used for any format.
Several functions which return an array of object records do also return an associative array with statistical information about them. The array is the last element of the object record array. The statistical array contains the following entries:
- Hidden
Number of object records with attribute PresentationHints set to Hidden.
- CollectionHead
Number of object records with attribute PresentationHints set to CollectionHead.
- FullCollectionHead
Number of object records with attribute PresentationHints set to FullCollectionHead.
- CollectionHeadNr
Index in array of object records with attribute PresentationHints set to CollectionHead.
- FullCollectionHeadNr
Index in array of object records with attribute PresentationHints set to FullCollectionHead.
- Total
Total: Number of object records.
Wymagania
This extension needs a Hyperwave server downloadable from http://www.hyperwave.com/.
Instalacja
To rozszerzenie PECL nie jest dołączane do PHP.
In order to use these functions you must compile PHP with Hyperwave support
by using the --with-hyperwave[=DIR]
configure option.
Windows users will enable php_hyperwave.dll inside of php.ini in order to use these functions. DLL z tym rozszerzeniem PECL można pobrać ze strony PHP Downloads lub http://snaps.php.net/.
Integration with Apache
The Hyperwave extension is best used when PHP is compiled as an Apache module. In such a case the underlying Hyperwave server can be hidden from users almost completely if Apache uses its rewriting engine. The following instructions will explain this.
Since PHP with Hyperwave support built into Apache is intended
to replace the native Hyperwave solution based on Wavemaster, we
will assume that the Apache server will only serve as a Hyperwave
web interface for these examples. This is not necessary but it simplifies
the configuration. The concept is quite simple. First of all you
need a PHP script which evaluates the $_ENV['PATH_INFO']
variable and treats its value as the name of a Hyperwave
object. Let's call this script 'Hyperwave'. The URL
http://your.hostname/Hyperwave/name_of_object
would than return the Hyperwave object with the name
'name_of_object'. Depending on the type of the object
the script has to react accordingly. If it is a collection, it will probably
return a list of children. If it is a document it will return the
mime type and the content. A slight improvement can be achieved
if the Apache rewriting engine is used. From the users point of
view it would be more straight forward if the URL
http://your.hostname/name_of_object would
return the object. The rewriting rule is quite easy:
to return the object itself
to allow searching
to identify yourself
to set your profile
one for each additional function like to show the object attributes, to show information about users, to show the status of the server, etc.
As an alternative to the Rewrite Engine, you can also consider using the Apache ErrorDocument directive, but be aware, that ErrorDocument redirected pages cannot receive POST data.
Konfiguracja uruchomieniowa
Na działanie tych funcji wpływają ustawienia zawarte w pliku php.ini.
Tabela 1. Hyperwave configuration options
| Name | Default | Changeable | Changelog |
|---|---|---|---|
| hyperwave.allow_persistent | "0" | PHP_INI_SYSTEM | Available since PHP 4.3.2. |
| hyperwave.default_port | "418" | PHP_INI_ALL |
Typy zasobów
To rozszerzenie nie posiada żadnych rodzajów zasobów.
Stałe predefiniowane
Poniższe stałe są zdefiniowane w tym rozszerzeniu i stają się dostępne, gdy rozszerzenie jest dokompilowane do PHP, lub załadowane dynamicznie przy starcie.
Todo
There are still some things to do:
The hw_InsertDocument has to be split into hw_insertobject() and hw_putdocument().
The names of several functions are not fixed, yet.
Most functions require the current connection as its first parameter. This leads to a lot of typing, which is quite often not necessary if there is just one open connection. A default connection will improve this.
Conversion form object record into object array needs to handle any multiple attribute.
- Spis treści
- hw_Array2Objrec -- Convert attributes from object array to object record
- hw_changeobject -- Changes attributes of an object (obsolete)
- hw_Children -- Object ids of children
- hw_ChildrenObj -- Object records of children
- hw_Close -- Closes the Hyperwave connection
- hw_Connect -- Opens a connection
- hw_connection_info -- Prints information about the connection to Hyperwave server
- hw_cp -- Copies objects
- hw_Deleteobject -- Deletes object
- hw_DocByAnchor -- Object id object belonging to anchor
- hw_DocByAnchorObj -- Object record object belonging to anchor
- hw_Document_Attributes -- Object record of hw_document
- hw_Document_BodyTag -- Body tag of hw_document
- hw_Document_Content -- Returns content of hw_document
- hw_Document_SetContent -- Sets/replaces content of hw_document
- hw_Document_Size -- Size of hw_document
- hw_dummy -- Hyperwave dummy function
- hw_EditText -- Retrieve text document
- hw_Error -- Error number
- hw_ErrorMsg -- Returns error message
- hw_Free_Document -- Frees hw_document
- hw_GetAnchors -- Object ids of anchors of document
- hw_GetAnchorsObj -- Object records of anchors of document
- hw_GetAndLock -- Return object record and lock object
- hw_GetChildColl -- Object ids of child collections
- hw_GetChildCollObj -- Object records of child collections
- hw_GetChildDocColl -- Object ids of child documents of collection
- hw_GetChildDocCollObj -- Object records of child documents of collection
- hw_GetObject -- Object record
- hw_GetObjectByQuery -- Search object
- hw_GetObjectByQueryColl -- Search object in collection
- hw_GetObjectByQueryCollObj -- Search object in collection
- hw_GetObjectByQueryObj -- Search object
- hw_GetParents -- Object ids of parents
- hw_GetParentsObj -- Object records of parents
- hw_getrellink -- Get link from source to dest relative to rootid
- hw_GetRemote -- Gets a remote document
- hw_getremotechildren -- Gets children of remote document
- hw_GetSrcByDestObj -- Returns anchors pointing at object
- hw_GetText -- Retrieve text document
- hw_getusername -- Name of currently logged in user
- hw_Identify -- Identifies as user
- hw_InCollections -- Check if object ids in collections
- hw_Info -- Info about connection
- hw_InsColl -- Insert collection
- hw_InsDoc -- Insert document
- hw_insertanchors -- Inserts only anchors into text
- hw_InsertDocument -- Upload any document
- hw_InsertObject -- Inserts an object record
- hw_mapid -- Maps global id on virtual local id
- hw_Modifyobject -- Modifies object record
- hw_mv -- Moves objects
- hw_New_Document -- Create new document
- hw_objrec2array -- Convert attributes from object record to object array
- hw_Output_Document -- Prints hw_document
- hw_pConnect -- Make a persistent database connection
- hw_PipeDocument -- Retrieve any document
- hw_Root -- Root object id
- hw_setlinkroot -- Set the id to which links are calculated
- hw_stat -- Returns status string
- hw_Unlock -- Unlock object
- hw_Who -- List of currently logged in users
| Poprzedni | Spis treści | Następny |
| http_build_url | Początek rozdziału | hw_Array2Objrec |
Lista dyskusyjna:
* 64-bitowy (x64) procesor o szybko¶ci 1 GHz,
* 1 GB pamiêci systemowe
* Dysk twardy o pojemno¶ci 40 GB i przynajmniej 15 GB wolnego miejsca
* Obs³uga grafiki DirectX 9 z:
- sterownikiem WDDM
- 128 MB pamiêci na karcie graficznej (minimum)
- sprzêtow± obs³ug± funkcji Pixel Shader 2.0
- obs³ug± 32-bitowej palety kolorów
zalecane wymagania Windows Vista posiadam:
AMD Athlon x2 x64 3600+ ( mo¿na by podkrêciæ )
GF7950GT 512mb
Geil 1GB DDr 2 PC800 ultra dual 512x512, dokupuje za tydzieñ 2GB tego samego ramu tez dual i ultra tylko 1024x1024 (3GB)
my¶lê, ¿e to stykanie na viste ale mam trzy pytania czy bêdzie du¿a ró¿nica miêdzy systemem 64 bit a 32? i gdzie ja zauwa¿ê w gra tez czy nie?
Czy je¶li ona wymaga np 128mb na karcie graficznej to czy przy w³±czeniu gry np zostanie mi tylko 384 bo vista zje 128
albo w przypadku procesora gdzie mam ledwo 2Ghz to vista zje 1 i dal gry zostanie 1?
Czy w grach bêdzie strasznie du¿a ró¿nica co do XP 32? ( chodzi mi o spadek wydajno¶ci )
jeszcze jedno znalaz³em na http://www.xp.net.pl/art/vista_opt.html optymalizacje visty czy to du¿o daje czy raczej nie op³aca siê w to bawiæ?
witajcie ponownie
ostatnio grzebie po sieci i znalaz³em co¶ co mnie zainteresowa³o.
Firma Dell ktorej przedstawiaæ nie trzeba u¿ywa w swoich XPS ( laptopach stworzonych dla graczy) karty typu
nVidia FX770M Graphics Card (with 512MB dedicated memory)
2 x 256MB nVidia GeForce 8700M GT SLI (Total 512MB)
Nvidia Quadro 2500M 512MB
wszystkie maja po 512 MB grafike ale która z tych jest lepsza i jaka jest ich wydajno¶æ w porównaniu do GF 8600 GS/GT czy GF 9500 GS GF 9600 GT ??
Mam problem, bo ¶ci±gn±³em pewien program w kilku czê¶ciach jako pliki .iso zapakowane w WinRarze. Domy¶lam siê, ¿e maj± one stworzyæ jeden plik instalacyjny. Pierwszy raz mam do czynienia z takimi plikami, czyta³em, ¿e u¿ywa siê programów do nagrywania p³yt ale nie wiem o co dok³adnie chodzi. U¿ywam programu Nero je¶li to pomo¿e. z góry dziêki za ka¿d± odpowied¼.
Czesc!
Pisze do Was z prosba o pomoc. Kupilem wczoraj nowy dysk do swojego kompa, jest to dysk Seagate SATA, chcialem by byl on dyskiem dodatkowym. Do tej pory mialem i mam dalej dysk Seagate ale ATA. System zostawilem bez zmian na starym dysku czyli na ATA. Przestawilem w BIOSIE obsluge ATA + SATA i niby wszystko dziala, system widzi oba dyski (mam Windowsa Xp SP2) ale za to przestal widziec napedy (DVD i CD-ROM). Dodam ze zadnych kabli od napedow nie odlaczalem. Mam wrazenie ze musze cos jeszcze zrobic w BIOSIE ale niestety nie wiem co i tutaj moja prosba o pomoc.
Posiadam kartê graficzna firmy PNY Geforce 9600 GT OC(http://pny.eu/products.php?section=product...p;productid=241). Podczas instalacji sterowników, pasek instalatora dochodzi do polowy, staje, po czym ekran robi siê czarny a w lewym górnym rogu miga kursor (znaczy taka kreseczka _ ).
Mój sprzêt:
PLYTA: ASUS P5Q
RAM: Geil 2Gb DDR2 1066
PROCESOR: INTEL CORE 2 QUAD 9550
ZASILACZ: CHIEFTEC 560W
Próbowa³em ju¿ 3 ró¿nych sterowników, nawet robi³em update biosa i dalej jest to samo
